Keanekaragaman serangga telah terdapat pada sekitar 300 juta tahun yang lalu. Lebih dari 800.000 spesies insekta sudah ditemukan. Terdapat 5.000 spesies bangsa capung (Odonata), 20.000 spesies bangsa belalang (Orthoptera), 170.000 spesies bangsa kupu-kupu dan ngengat (Lepidoptera), 120.000 bangsa lalat dan kerabatnya (Diptera), 82.000 spesies bangsa kepik (Hemiptera), 360.000 spesies bangsa kumbang (Coleoptera), dan 110.000 spesies bangsa semut dan lebah (Hymenoptera)
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